North American trade customs-union proposal could limit Canada's trade autonomy

U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer proposed a North American customs-union approach and President Trump reportedly threatened 100% tariffs on Canada; the article says a customs union would centralize external trade policy and could constrain Canada's independent trade choices.

U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer has raised the idea of a North American customs union and also discussed separate bilateral agreements with Canada and Mexico. The proposal was mentioned in Davos amid recent tensions, including a reported U.S. threat of 100% tariffs on Canada. A customs union, as described in the article, would mean a common external trade policy for partners and could limit Canada's ability to pursue independent trade deals. The article notes Canada has sought other trade initiatives, including a limited arrangement discussed in Beijing. Key points: - Jamieson Greer proposed a move toward a North American customs union and has also spoken about separate U.S. agreements with Canada and Mexico. - The article reports a recent U.S. threat of 100% tariffs on Canada tied to discussions with China. - The article says a customs union would centralize external trade policy and could constrain Canada's independent trade decisions; Mark Carney is reported to expect a "robust review" of USMCA. Summary: The proposed customs-union idea would centralize trade decision-making among North American partners and, according to the article, could restrict Canada's independent trade policy. Officials' comments and recent tariff threats have raised attention to the proposal. Mark Carney is reported to expect a "robust review" of USMCA; further procedural steps are undetermined at this time.