Russian and Ukrainian military casualties nearing two million, study finds

A CSIS study estimates about 1.2 million Russian and 600,000 Ukrainian troop casualties to date, and the Kremlin has dismissed the report as not credible.

A Washington thinktank study estimates that the combined Russian and Ukrainian military casualties could approach two million after nearly four years of war. The Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) reported roughly 1.2 million Russian casualties, including up to 325,000 deaths, and about 600,000 Ukrainian casualties. The Kremlin rejected the study's findings and said only its defence ministry can publish official casualty figures. Key findings: - CSIS estimates about 1.2 million Russian troops and about 600,000 Ukrainian troops killed, wounded or missing, based on its research. - The thinktank says Russian fatalities could include as many as 325,000 deaths. - CSIS based its numbers on interviews with Western and Ukrainian officials and on data from the independent outlet Mediazona and the BBC Russian Service. - Despite the reported scale of losses, the study notes that Russian territorial gains have been marginal and advances have slowed, with a Ukrainian monitoring group reporting 152 square kilometres captured between 1 and 25 January. Summary: The report highlights sustained, large-scale military losses while neither side has released comprehensive official casualty totals. Moscow has publicly dismissed the estimates and fighting continues with limited territorial change. Undetermined at this time.