Lunar nuclear power may enable longer Moon missions.

NASA and the U.S. Department of Energy have committed to develop a compact nuclear fission reactor for the Moon with a target around 2030 to provide steady power for habitats and operations, and the plan followed a December 18 executive order directing NASA to pursue lunar nuclear power.

NASA and the U.S. Department of Energy are developing a compact nuclear fission reactor for the Moon, with a stated target around 2030. The agencies say the system could run for years without refueling and would support habitats, life support systems, communications, and research equipment. The plan responds to the Moon's long dark periods and extreme cold, which limit the effectiveness of solar panels and batteries. The effort also follows an Executive Order signed on December 18 that directs NASA to pursue nuclear power as part of U.S. space policy. Key facts: - NASA and the Department of Energy committed to develop a compact nuclear fission reactor intended for lunar deployment by about 2030. - Officials say the reactor could operate for years without refueling and support habitats, life support, communications, and research equipment. - An Executive Order on December 18 directed NASA to pursue nuclear power as part of the national space policy. - The DOE is providing reactor design and nuclear expertise while NASA focuses on deployment, integration, and crew safety. - Engineers must address lunar design challenges such as shielding, cooling in a vacuum, radiation, and extreme temperature swings. Summary: The plan is intended to shift lunar activity from short visits toward sustained presence by providing continuous power. Agencies are working on designs and integration, addressing technical challenges like shielding and cooling in vacuum, and have set a target timeline around 2030.