How to plant a garden that welcomes birds year-round

The Morton Arboretum describes planting and habitat steps — such as using native species, layered vegetation, mature trees and available water — that help attract and support birds.

Birds add movement and song to gardens throughout the year, and some landscapes are more welcoming than others. Sharon Yiesla, a plant knowledge specialist at the Morton Arboretum in Lisle, notes that birds seek not only food and water but shelter, nesting sites and perches. Yards with mature trees are important rest stops for migrating birds in the Chicago region. The Arboretum offers guidance and online resources for plant and tree care. Key practices: - Provide a variety of plants that bloom and fruit in different seasons; birds use seeds, berries, nectar, buds and insects as food. - Favor native plant species, which have evolved with local birds and tend to provide the right timing and types of food. - Avoid planting known invasive shrubs such as barberry, burning bush, Callery pear, buckthorn and Japanese honeysuckle, which can spread into natural areas. - Maintain insect availability: the Arboretum recommends identifying pest issues carefully and minimizing insecticide use because many insects and larvae are important bird food. - Value and care for mature trees, which offer shelter, nesting sites, insect prey and sometimes fruit; care measures mentioned include watering in dry seasons and keeping root zones mulched. - Create layered plantings and include evergreens and water features; layered vegetation and conifers provide diverse habitats and winter shelter, while clean, moving water can attract birds. Summary: Gardens that follow these practices can support local and migrating bird populations and contribute to broader ecosystem needs. Undetermined at this time.